A Kanban is a card which helps a firm monitor and gain information on the flow of materials, stock and components through their production line.
Kanban cards contain information on where the component came from (the previous stage) and where it is headed (the next stage. It may include the quantity in the order or components, and it may contain information about the final customer.
Kanban cards now use barcodes enabling customers to phone up about the status of their order and find out exactly where it is.
Kanban cards are also used to signal components are running low or being depleted and need to be re-ordered.
It is used in Just-in-time aka Lean Production.
You can find out more about JIT, Lean Production and Kanban in my slideshow about Toyota: http://www.slideshare.net/Marcus9000/toyota-supermarket-for-cars
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